Aquaculture
Malachite Green
Malachite green is used for treatment of many external protozoan and fungal infections in fish. RandAqua 8886555529.
Lime
Lime increases pH and calcium concentration favoring the removal of phosphate from the water. Raising the pH also removes carbon dioxide from the water. Less carbon dioxide and phosphate are thought to limit phytoplankton photosynthesis and avoid wide daily shifts in pH. RandAqua 8886555529.
Hardness & Turbidity
Hardness in water also facilitates flocculation and precipitation of suspended clay particles to lessen
turbidity. An abundance of calcium and magnesium ions tends to neutralize the negative charges on
suspended clay particles, allowing them to floc together and create a mass great enough to precipitate.
Calcium sulfate often is applied to ponds to clear turbidity from the water. RandAqua 8886555529.
Bacillus Subtills
Bacillus subtilis has brought very promising results for shrimp aquaculture. This bacterium is a non-
pathogenic Gram positive spore-forming used to improve the growth performance and also shrimp health and disease management. Bacillus species are able to produce a wide range of extra-cellular substances. RandAqua 8886555529.
High Density
High density of fish or shrimp contribute to green pond water because waste is broken down by beneficial bacteria through a series of steps into nitrate, which is food for plants and algae. Water color turns into deep Green because of the presence of excessive algae in pond water. RandAqua 8886555529.
Ammonia
Ammonia is produced by feed wastage, excretion of fishes, crustaceans, decomposition of organic
materials, urea and ammonium fertilizers, supplementary feed etc. Unionized ammonia is more toxic to
aquatic animal. RandAqua 8886555529.
Excessive Algae
Excessive algae growth can lead to lack of dissolved oxygen in the water. Blue-Green algae produce toxic substances that are lethal to aquatic animal. Dead algae that is accumulated at pond bottom releases toxic gases due to decomposition. RandAqua 8886555529.
Forms of Iron
Iron exists in two forms, soluble ferrous iron and insoluble ferric particulate iron. Iron present in the water will be in the form of insoluble ferric. Presence of high iron levels cause irritation of the gill tissues and gill damage, bacterial and fungal infections. RandAqua 8886555529.
Nitrite Toxicity
Nitrite toxicity is directly related to chloride concentration, since nitrite and chloride particles compete for space to cross the gills and enter the blood streams. As chloride concentration in the water increases, nitrite’s ability to enter the bloodstream decreases. The critical component in brown blood disease is the chloride portion of the salt molecule. A minimum chloride concentration is recommended to prevent nitrite toxicity in ponds. RandAqua 8886555529.
Trace Minerals
The micro-elements or trace minerals, such as chromium, cobalt, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, selenium and zinc, are required in small quantities in a wide variety of biochemical processes. They are involved in cellular metabolism, formation of skeletal structures, maintenance of colloidal systems, regulation of acid-base equilibrium, immunity enhancer, stress releaser, disease resistance and other physiological functions. RandAqua 8886555529.