Aquaculture
Probiotics
Probiotics are “Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. Use of probiotics in aquaculture can prevent and treatment of diseases. RandAqua 8886555529.
pH Ranges
Aquatic animals require a pH range of 6.0 to 9.0, and because alkalinity buffers against rapid pH changes,
it protects the living organisms who require a specific pH range. Higher alkalinity levels in surface water
will buffer acid rain and other acid wastes, preventing pH changes that are harmful to aquatic life. RandAqua 8886555529.
White Faeces
White Feces Disease becomes apparent when the digestive system of shrimp malfunctions and feces
turns from normal to pale white color. White feces appear to be more buoyant than normal feces and
float on the water surface. Shrimp hepatopancreas becomes whitish and soft. One and only solution
across globe is “PANACEA” by RandAqua 8886555529.
Nutrition Deficiency
Nutrition deficiency and mineral imbalances are creating the common white muscle problem in
vannamei shrimp. “PANACEA” by Rand Aqua is enriched with feed minerals and the only solution
for White muscle disease. RandAqua 8886555529.
Forms of Hardness
Hardness sometimes is expressed in different forms: total hardness and calcium hardness with
the difference being magnesium hardness. Calcium hardness plus magnesium hardness, of course, istotal
hardness. The factors for converting between hardness cations and hardness are as follows: calcium x 2.5= calcium hardness, and magnesium x4.12 = magnesium hardness. RandAqua 8886555529.
Hexavalent Chromium
Hexavalent chromium is a bio accumulative toxic metal in water and animal. It enters aquaculture ponds
mainly through anthropogenic sources. High chromium concentration in natural pond was due to
anthropogenic run-off of materials in to the pond. Acidic pH, low alkalinity, low water hardness also
contributed to the high chromium concentration. Toxicity of chromium to fish in aquaculture could
threaten food security. RandAqua 8886555529.
Vitamins
Vitamins are a heterogeneous group of organic compounds essential for the growth of aquatic animal. Their essentiality may be the growth rate of the animal, feed composition, and the bacterial synthesizing capacity of the gastro intestinal tract of the animal. RandAqua 8886555529.
Toxic Metals
Toxic metals that are especially toxic to aquatic organisms and humans are mercury, cadmium,
chromium and lead. Low concentrations of metals dissolved in the water are absorbed into fish
tissues and bio-concentrate to toxic levels. Metal toxicity produces adverse biological effects on
an organism’s survival, activity, growth, metabolism or reproduction. RandAqua 8886555529.
FCR
The feed conversion ratio is an indicator that is commonly used in all types of farming and in the field of research. It can provide an indication of how efficient a feed or a feeding strategy is. F.C.R. is calculated as follows: F.C.R = Feed given / Animal weight gain. F.C.R. is the mathematical relationship between the input of the feed that has been fed and the weight gain of animal. RandAqua 8886555529.
Semi Intensive System
In semi-intensive system, the production of the pond is increased beyond the level of extensive aquaculture by adding supplementary feed, usually in the form of dry pellets, to integrate the feed naturally available in the pond, allowing for higher stocking density. RandAqua 8886555529.