Aquaculture
Essential Nutrients
Protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals are the essential nutrients for fish. Protein provides energy and deficiency of protein is less growth. Fat and carbohydrates provides energy. Vitamins and minerals are essential trace elements that enhance feed conversion rate. RandAqua 8886555529.
Aquaculture
It is important for fish farming that protein and amino acid requirements are matched for each of the aquatic animal. It helps in maximize growth and health of the animal. RandAqua 8886555529.
Salinity
Salinity of water, measured in ppt, includes mainly sodium chloride NaCl, and other are calcium salt,
magnesium salt, potassium sulphate and bicarbonate salts. Salinity which is higher than 35 parts per
thousand (ppt) will make the color of water become bold. It also makes it more difficult to adjust the color of water in shrimp pond. RandAqua 8886555529.
Soil
The quality of soil should be ascertained for soil pH, permeability, bearing capacity and heavy metal
content. Soil with low pH of below 5 should be avoided. Similarly, soils with high concentrations of heavy
metals also should be avoided. High capital and operational cost will be involved in maintaining a farm in
sandy area. RandAqua 8886555529.
Feed
Shrimp feed consists of fishmeal, Fish oils and squid oils provide essential fatty acids required by shrimp
wheat as a binder in pelleted shrimp and as carbohydrate source, Soybean meal has one of the best
essential amino acid profiles of all protein-rich plant feedstuffs, Other plant protein sources such as
cottonseed meal, peanut meal, canola meal, distillers grain with soluble, some legume meals. RandAqua 8886555529.
Dissolved Oxygen
During the day, under the influence of sunlight, algae use CO2 as a material for photosynthesis that produces oxygen. When there is no sunshine, rain and at night, algae use oxygen for respiration. Thus, the amount of dissolved oxygen in water fluctuates significantly. RandAqua 8886555529.
Garlic
Garlic has been proven effective as a hypolipidemic, antimicrobial, anti- hypertensive, hepatoprotec-tive, and insecticidal agent in aquatic animal therapies. Garlic promotes growth, enhances immune system, stimulates appetite and controls pathogens. RandAqua 8886555529.
Grazing
Shrimp are actively “grazing” on the substrate present in the pond bottom and water column. Therefore,
they highly expose to exchanges of microflora between the environment and the digestive system which can affect the optimal functioning of the digestive system. The digestive system of shrimp is the main entry port for protozoan, bacterial and viral infections, which remain a major risk for the profitability of shrimp production. RandAqua 8886555529.
Amino Acids
Amino acids such as lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, arginine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine and phenylalanine are considered essential because they cannot be synthesised by the animal and need therefore to be provided with feed. RandAqua 8886555529.
Minerals
Minerals are essential constitutents of skeletal structures such as bones and teeth, play a key role in the maintenance of osmotic pressure, serve as structural constituents of soft tissues, essential for the transmission of nerve impulses and muscle contraction, play a vital role in the acid-base equilibrium of the body, serve as essential components of many enzymes, vitamins, hormones, and respiratory pigments, or as cofactors in metabolism, catalysts and enzyme activators. RandAqua 8886555529.